September 10, 2024 Firefighters know they have chosen a dangerous occupation. After all, racing toward a burning building is an inherently risky activity. However, firefighters and their families are increasingly concerned that their chosen occupation is increasing chances of developing mesothelioma and other cancers.
In 2022, 74% of firefighter deaths in the line of duty were attributed to cancer, according to the International Association of Firefighters (IAFF). In fact, firefighting has been classified among occupations with the highest risk of developing cancer. The IAFF attributes this to exposure to cancer-causing chemicals during fires and improperly cleaned gear. But firefighters are starting to wonder whether the gear itself is contributing to the increased incidence of cancer for them and their colleagues.
Growth of Cancer Among Firefighters
Since 2002, cancer deaths among firefighters have increased even though fire incidents have decreased.
Part of the concern is that fires burn hotter and faster than in the past, in part because more homes are built using plastics and other synthetic materials. These materials release more carcinogenic chemicals when burned compared to traditional building materials. Asbestos and lead from older homes and commercial buildings are also known to be released during a fire.
Ash and smoke particles can be filtered out by protective gear, but residue containing these chemical hazards remains on the gear. As a result, firefighters can be exposed when removing their gear and when cleaning it. Harmful and toxic materials have also been found in the dust in firehouses. Long-term, repeated chemical exposure in the line of duty has brought cancer to the forefront as a real risk for firefighters, whether they are full-time, part-time, or volunteer. Firefighters face greater risk of mesothelioma, testicular cancer, breast cancer and blood cancers, including multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and leukemia.
What are the symptoms of cancer?
Symptoms vary widely, depending on the type of cancer you may have, and some cancers have no symptoms until they have reached an advanced stage. Persistent pain in a particular area of the body, ongoing digestive issues, trouble breathing or other ways your body just doesn’t feel quite right may be symptoms of cancer or other diseases, so it is important not only to share symptoms with your doctor but also to discuss any potential chemical exposure or other job- or lifestyle-related risks.
How can I get screened for cancer if I work in a high-risk job?
If you work in a job that may put you at increased risk for cancer, ask your doctor to perform tests to find cancer earlier. If you’re a firefighter, the IAFF has a list of recommended screenings to share with your physician.
How does asbestos exposure cause mesothelioma?
When asbestos fibers are inhaled, they can reach the lungs and become lodged in the lung tissue. The prolonged presence of asbestos fibers in the lungs leads to tissue damage, inflammation and genetic alterations in mesothelial cells, ultimately resulting in the development of a deadly form of cancer known as mesothelioma.
What are the symptoms of mesothelioma?
Mesothelioma symptoms may mimic many other lung or heart disorders. If you experience shortness of breath, a persistent cough, chest or lower back pain, or any other breathing difficulties and you may have been exposed to asbestos, it is important to ask your doctor to screen you for mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases.
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