What Is Benzene? A Workplace Chemical That Causes Cancer

February 17, 2026

What Is Benzene? A Workplace Chemical That Causes Cancer

In the world of workplace hazards, few substances pose as significant a threat as benzene, a chemical notorious for its carcinogenic properties. As part of a broader roundup of the most dangerous chemicals workers encounter on the job—such as arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury—benzene stands out because of its widespread use and documented severe health impacts.

What Is Benzene?

Benzene is a colorless, flammable liquid that is sometimes associated with a sweet odor and that evaporates quickly in the air. Among the top 20 most-used chemicals in the U.S., it serves as a building block for manufacturing plastics, resins, lubricants, rubbers, dyes, detergents, drugs and pesticides. In addition, it is used as an industrial solvent and gasoline additive. Despite its usefulness, benzene causes cancer, particularly leukemia and other blood-related malignancies, making it a critical concern for public health.

Types of Benzene Exposure at Work

Benzene exposure in occupational settings is a major risk factor, often occurring through inhalation or skin contact, leading to benzene toxicity that can damage bone marrow, impair the immune system and cause anemia. Workers in certain industries face heightened dangers because experts have long known that benzene causes cancer like acute myeloid leukemia (AML). For instance, lawsuits against companies like Boeing highlight how benzene exposure and other hazardous chemicals have resulted in severe health issues, including birth defects in workers’ children, due to inadequate safety measures such as poor ventilation and lack of protective gear.

Employers are legally obligated to mitigate these risks. Occupations that place workers at higher risk for benzene exposure include:

  • Oil refinery and chemical plant workers who handle crude oil and petrochemicals where benzene is a natural component.
  • Rubber and shoe manufacturers that use benzene in production processes.
  • Gasoline and automotive solvent-related jobs, such as gas station and auto shop employees exposed to fumes from fuel, degreasers, cleaners and lubricants containing benzene.
  • Steel workers and printers who encounter benzene in solvents and inks.
  • Lab technicians and firefighters who deal with chemicals or combustion byproducts that release benzene.
  • Pesticide handlers who work with products that may include benzene derivatives.
  • Maritime workers on oil tankers, barges and drilling rigs like jack up rigs and semisubmersibles.

Are Products with Benzene Dangerous?

Products with benzene pose substantial dangers, even in everyday items, as they can lead to benzene exposure through inhalation, skin contact or ingestion. While regulations have reduced benzene levels in consumer goods, residual amounts in certain products can still contribute to health risks, including nervous system effects like dizziness and headaches from short-term exposure, and more severe outcomes like bone marrow damage from prolonged contact. In workplaces, using such products without proper safeguards increases these hazards. In May 2024, a Philadelphia jury returned a $725.5 million verdict against ExxonMobil, finding the company’s failure to warn about benzene’s known health risks was responsible for a former service station mechanic’s acute myeloid leukemia diagnosis.

Common types of products with benzene include:

  • Gasoline, motor vehicle fuels and solvents: Benzene is a natural component, leading to exposure at pumps or during handling.
  • Paints, glues, and solvents: Used in industrial and home settings, these can release benzene vapors.
  • Detergents and cleaning agents: Some formulations contain benzene as a byproduct.
  • Pesticides and insecticides: Benzene may be present in certain agricultural chemicals.
  • Rubbers, plastics, and resins: Manufacturing intermediates that incorporate benzene.
  • Dyes and inks: Found in printing and textile industries.

Cases like the Boeing and ExxonMobil lawsuits show the human cost when employers neglect their duty to protect workers from benzene exposure. By prioritizing safety over profits, industries can lessen the risks, safeguarding workers and their families from lifelong health burdens.

How We Help Victims of Benzene Exposure

Seek justice with the help of our experienced attorneys. Our Dallas, Texas, benzene law firm has battled corporate giants on behalf of individuals like you for decades, aggressively fighting to hold them responsible for dangerous chemicals and the personal injuries and cancers they cause. If you have suffered a catastrophic injury caused by dangerous products, we can help.

Our Results

$880 million award

Historic settlement for over 1,300 survivors of clergy and adult abuse within the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles, marking a pivotal moment for justice.

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$725.5 million award

A Philadelphia jury awarded a record verdict against ExxonMobil for failing to warn about cancer risks due to benzene in its petroleum products.

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$25 million award

Private equity firm and co-defendants agree to pay $25M in Medicaid fraud case alleging mental health services provided by unqualified providers.

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